The name reached its all-time peak in 2009 with 5 births ranking #3936. STABLE Recent data shows the name is currently stable.
Caden is a modern English name that is sometimes connected to an Irish surname, but live source evidence shows its popularity owes much more to sound than to a clear old-name tradition. That makes it better described as a modern trendy form than as a neatly inherited Irish given name.
Behind the Name notes that Caden rose in America in the 1990s because it shared the fashionable -den sound with names such as Hayden and Aidan. That is a more reliable explanation of the name's modern life than forcing an exact literal meaning.